وَأَعْطَىٰ قَلِيلًا وَأَكْدَىٰٓ 34
Translations
And gave a little and [then] refrained?
Transliteration
Wa-a'ţā qalīlan wa-akdā
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah describes a miserly person who gives little in charity and withholds generously. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, this refers to those who are stingy with their wealth and begrudge spending in the way of Allah, despite their ability to do so. The term 'akdā' conveys the sense of being niggardly and refusing to give, reflecting a hardened heart devoid of compassion and gratitude for Allah's blessings.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the Meccan surah An-Najm, which addresses the characteristics of those who reject faith and those who embrace it. The broader context (53:32-34) contrasts the humble and righteous with the stingy and ungrateful, serving as a moral critique of disbelievers and those who hoard wealth without recognizing Allah's sovereignty.
Related Hadiths
Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said: 'The best of you are those who are best to their families, and I am the best among you to my family' (Tirmidhi 3895), emphasizing generosity within family. Additionally, 'Wealth and children are adornments of this worldly life, but the everlasting good deeds are far better' (Quran 18:46, related hadith in Sahih Bukhari 5047) reinforces that true wealth is in righteous action, not hoarding.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah reminds us that withholding wealth and displaying ingratitude for Allah's blessings reflects a diseased heart; true nobility lies in generosity, gratitude, and recognizing that all wealth is a trust from Allah meant to be used righteously and shared with those in need.
Related Ayahs
ٱلَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبَـٰٓئِرَ ٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ إِلَّا ٱللَّمَمَ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ وَٰسِعُ ٱلْمَغْفِرَةِ ۚ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِذْ أَنشَأَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِذْ أَنتُمْ أَجِنَّةٌ فِى بُطُونِ أُمَّهَـٰتِكُمْ ۖ فَلَا تُزَكُّوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۖ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰٓ
Those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, only [committing] slight ones. Indeed, your Lord is vast in forgiveness. He was most knowing of you when He produced you from the earth and when you were fetuses in the wombs of your mothers. So do not claim yourselves to be pure; He is most knowing of who fears Him.
عِندَ سِدْرَةِ ٱلْمُنتَهَىٰ
At the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary -
وَأَنَّهُۥ خَلَقَ ٱلزَّوْجَيْنِ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلْأُنثَىٰ
And that He creates the two mates - the male and female -
وَأَن لَّيْسَ لِلْإِنسَـٰنِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ
And that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strives