إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦ مِن شَىْءٍ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ 42
Translations
Indeed, Allāh knows whatever thing they call upon other than Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Transliteration
Inna Allaha ya'lamu ma yad'una min dūnihi min shay'in wa huwa al-'Azīzu al-Hakīm
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah affirms that Allah has complete knowledge of all that the polytheists call upon besides Him, whether idols, false deities, or fabricated intermediaries. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi emphasize that this knowledge encompasses not only the names and natures of these false objects of worship, but also the futility and falsehood inherent in associating partners with Allah. The ayah concludes with divine attributes—Al-'Aziz (The Mighty) and Al-Hakim (The Wise)—establishing that Allah alone possesses absolute power and wisdom to judge such shirk (polytheism) and guide His servants aright.
Revelation Context
Surah Al-'Ankabut is a Meccan surah revealed during the period of intense polytheistic opposition to the Prophet Muhammad's message. This ayah contextualizes the broader theme of the surah: despite the Meccans' devotion to their idols and false gods, Allah's knowledge is all-encompassing, and His dominion is absolute. The ayah directly addresses the spiritual blindness of idol-worship prevalent in pre-Islamic Arabia.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever dies while calling upon a partner with Allah will meet Him as a mushrik (polytheist)' (Sahih Bukhari). This hadith reinforces the gravity of shirk emphasized in this ayah. Additionally, 'There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing' (Quran 42:11) complements the divine attributes mentioned here.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that no act of worship to false deities escapes Allah's knowledge, and that sincere believers should trust in Allah's absolute wisdom and power rather than seeking intercession through intermediaries. For modern readers, it serves as a reminder that hidden intentions and actions are known to Allah, encouraging accountability and sincere devotion exclusively to the One True God.
Related Ayahs
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ لَنُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ فِى ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ
And those who believe and do righteous deeds - We will surely admit them among the righteous [into Paradise].
إِنَّا مُنزِلُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَهْلِ هَـٰذِهِ ٱلْقَرْيَةِ رِجْزًا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَفْسُقُونَ
Indeed, we will bring down on the people of this city punishment from the sky because they have been defiantly disobedient."
وَعَادًا وَثَمُودَا۟ وَقَد تَّبَيَّنَ لَكُم مِّن مَّسَـٰكِنِهِمْ ۖ وَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ فَصَدَّهُمْ عَنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ وَكَانُوا۟ مُسْتَبْصِرِينَ
And [We destroyed] ʿAad and Thamūd, and it has become clear to you from their [ruined] dwellings. And Satan had made pleasing to them their deeds and averted them from the path, and they were endowed with perception.
وَلَقَد تَّرَكْنَا مِنْهَآ ءَايَةًۢ بَيِّنَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ
And We have certainly left of it a sign as clear evidence for a people who use reason.