وَإِذْ قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱسْكُنُوا۟ هَـٰذِهِ ٱلْقَرْيَةَ وَكُلُوا۟ مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ وَقُولُوا۟ حِطَّةٌ وَٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْبَابَ سُجَّدًا نَّغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطِيٓـَٔـٰتِكُمْ ۚ سَنَزِيدُ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ 161
Translations
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when it was said to them, "Dwell in this city [i.e., Jerusalem] and eat from it wherever you will and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens [i.e., sins],' and enter the gate bowing humbly; We will [then] forgive you your sins. We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."
Transliteration
Wa-idh qīla lahumu-skunu hādhihi-l-qaryata wa-kulū minhā haythu shi'tum wa-qūlū hittah wa-dkhulū-l-bāb sujjadā naghfir lakum khatāyākum sa-nazīdu-l-muhsinīn
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah refers to the Bani Isra'il's entry into the Holy Land (al-Ard al-Muqaddasa), where Allah commanded them to dwell in Jerusalem and eat from its abundance, while uttering the word 'hittah' (meaning 'forgiveness' or 'a grain/food'), bowing at the gate in humility and obedience. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, this was a test of their obedience and humility; those who followed these commands would receive forgiveness of their sins, and Allah would grant additional rewards to those who do good. The Bani Isra'il, however, mocked this command and changed the word to something else, exemplifying their rebelliousness against divine instruction.
Revelation Context
This ayah is part of the narrative recounting the trials and disobedience of Bani Isra'il during their wilderness period and entry into the Promised Land. It comes after Surah 7:160 where the twelve springs gushed forth for the twelve tribes, illustrating Allah's favor followed by their ingratitude and rebellion—a recurring theme in Al-A'raf highlighting the contrast between divine mercy and human defiance.
Related Hadiths
While no specific hadith directly addresses this ayah, the theme of obedience and humility before Allah relates to the hadith in Sahih Muslim where the Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'The closest a servant comes to his Lord is when he is prostrating (in sujud),' reflecting the spiritual significance of bowing mentioned here.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that Allah provides clear, simple commands as tests of our sincerity and obedience, and that humility and straightforwardness in following divine guidance lead to forgiveness and divine favor. For modern believers, it serves as a reminder that our excuses and subtle disobedience (like changing the words or meaning of commands) displease Allah more than outright admission of weakness, and that true advancement comes through sincere submission to His will.
Related Ayahs
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا۟ مِنكُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْتَقَى ٱلْجَمْعَانِ إِنَّمَا ٱسْتَزَلَّهُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ بِبَعْضِ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ ۖ وَلَقَدْ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ
Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] - it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some [blame] they had earned. But Allāh has already forgiven them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُوا۟ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ وَأَصْلَحُوا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Except for those who repent after that and correct themselves. For indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
۞ نَبِّئْ عِبَادِىٓ أَنِّىٓ أَنَا ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ
[O Muḥammad], inform My servants that it is I who am the Forgiving, the Merciful,
فَمَن تَابَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ظُلْمِهِۦ وَأَصْلَحَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
But whoever repents after his wrongdoing and reforms, indeed, Allāh will turn to him in forgiveness. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.