ٱلَّذِى لَهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ شَرِيكٌ فِى ٱلْمُلْكِ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ تَقْدِيرًا 2
Translations
He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and who has not taken a son and has not had a partner in dominion and has created each thing and determined it with [precise] determination.
Transliteration
Al-ladhi lahu mulku as-samawati wal-ardi wa lam yattakhidh walada wa lam yakun lahu sharikun fi al-mulki wa khalaqa kulla shay'in fa qaddara-hu taqdir
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah affirms Allah's absolute sovereignty over the heavens and earth, emphasizing His transcendence by negating any notion of offspring or partners in His dominion. Al-Qurtubi and Ibn Kathir note that this verse directly refutes the polytheistic claims of the Quraysh and other disbelievers who attributed partners and children to Allah. The final phrase—'and He created everything and determined it with precise measure'—demonstrates that Allah's absolute knowledge and wisdom extends to all creation, reinforcing His unique status as the only deity worthy of worship.
Revelation Context
Surah Al-Furqan is a Meccan chapter revealed during the period of intense opposition to Prophet Muhammad's message. This particular ayah appears early in the surah as part of the opening praise of Allah, establishing the foundational theological principles of monotheism against the backdrop of Meccan idolatry and false associations made with Allah.
Related Hadiths
Abu Hurairah reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'The most excellent name of Allah is that by which He is called as-Samit (the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing)' (Sunan Ibn Majah). Additionally, the concept of Allah's perfect determination (qadr) is referenced in the hadith: 'Allah wrote the measures of all things fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth' (Sahih Muslim 2653).
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches believers that recognizing Allah's absolute sovereignty and uniqueness is foundational to faith, and that trusting in His perfect planning and wisdom brings peace and certainty in an uncertain world. For contemporary Muslims, it serves as a reminder to submit completely to Allah's decree and to reject any temptation to associate partners with Him, whether through idolatry, materialism, or false ideologies.