الٓر ۚ تِلْكَ ءَايَـٰتُ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَقُرْءَانٍ مُّبِينٍ 1
Translations
Alif, Lām, Rā. These are the verses of the Book and a clear Qur’ān [i.e., recitation].
Transliteration
Alif-Lam-Ra. Tilka ayatu al-Kitabi wa Qur'anin mubeen.
Tafsir (Explanation)
This opening ayah of Surah Al-Hijr begins with the mysterious letters (Huruf Muqatta'ah) 'Alif-Lam-Ra,' followed by a declaration that these are the signs (verses) of the Book and a clear Qur'an. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, the Huruf Muqatta'ah are among the secrets of Allah, and their exact meaning is known only to Him, though scholars have offered various interpretations. The phrase 'Qur'anin mubeen' (clear Qur'an) emphasizes the clarity and eloquence of the Qur'anic message, distinguishing it as a manifest and evident revelation.
Revelation Context
Surah Al-Hijr is a Meccan surah revealed during the early period of the Prophet's mission, addressing the polytheists of Mecca and affirming the authenticity of the Qur'anic revelation against their denials. This opening serves to establish the divine origin and clarity of the Qur'an as a response to those who questioned its validity.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said regarding the Huruf Muqatta'ah: 'The Qur'an is arranged in groups, and its verses are arranged in groups.' (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi). Additionally, the Qur'an itself emphasizes its clarity: 'We have sent down to you the Book explaining all things' (16:89).
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches believers to recognize the Qur'an as a clear and manifest guidance from Allah, worthy of full acceptance and contemplation, while acknowledging that some divine matters remain beyond human comprehension. Modern readers should approach the Qur'an with reverence, seeking understanding while accepting that divine wisdom sometimes transcends human reasoning.