مَلِكِ ٱلنَّاسِ 2
Translations
The Sovereign of mankind,
Transliteration
Maliki an-nas
Tafsir (Explanation)
This phrase refers to Allah as 'the King of Mankind,' emphasizing His absolute sovereignty and dominion over all human beings. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi note that this attribute underscores Allah's complete control over human affairs, both in this life and the Hereafter, and establishes the foundation for why mankind should seek refuge in Him from the whispers of evil. The use of 'Malik' (King) rather than other divine attributes highlights His power to grant or withhold, to judge and to protect all of humanity.
Revelation Context
Surah An-Nas is a Meccan surah revealed to address the spiritual struggles of believers in Mecca during a period of intense opposition. This ayah is part of the opening verses that frame the context of seeking refuge—acknowledging Allah's kingship over all people establishes why He alone is worthy of being sought for protection from the evil whispers of Satan.
Related Hadiths
Hadith: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'The best supplication is Ayat al-Kursi' (Sunan Ibn Majah), which similarly emphasizes divine attributes of sovereignty. Also related: 'Whoever recites the last two surahs of the Quran (Al-Falaq and An-Nas) will be granted protection' (Sunan An-Nasa'i and others).
Themes
Key Lesson
Recognizing Allah's complete dominion over all people cultivates humility and dependence on Him alone, freeing us from fear of human authority or judgment. This realization encourages believers to seek refuge only in the All-Powerful King, not in worldly powers or false securities.