وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ ٱلْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ ٱلْمَثُلَـٰتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ 6
Translations
They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there has already occurred before them similar punishments [to what they demand]. And indeed, your Lord is the possessor of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.
Transliteration
Wa yasta'jiloonaka bis-sayyiati qabla al-hasanati wa qad khalat min qablihimu al-mathalatu wa inna rabbaka ladhu maghfiratun lin-nasi 'ala dhulmihim wa inna rabbaka lashadidu al-'iqabi
Tafsir (Explanation)
The disbelievers hastily call upon the Prophet to bring down punishment (the evil/calamity) before blessings, yet similar nations before them have already experienced such divine punishment as a lesson. Despite human injustice, Allah's mercy is vast, yet His punishment is equally severe for those who persist in transgression. Ibn Kathir explains this ayah reflects the arrogant Quraysh's mockery, demanding immediate punishment while rejecting the message of guidance, unaware that preceding nations ignored similar warnings and met destruction.
Revelation Context
This ayah is part of a Medinan surah addressing the believers' patience during opposition. The context relates to the mockery and challenges the Prophet faced from the Meccan disbelievers who demanded immediate divine punishment, testing the Prophet's resolve and reassuring the believers of Allah's justice and established patterns in dealing with nations.
Related Hadiths
The concept of divine patterns (sunan Allah) is emphasized in Hadith Qudsi and various Quranic passages. Related thematically is the hadith in Sahih Muslim where the Prophet described how nations before tested divine patience until punishment came when they rejected guidance, illustrating the consequences of persistent denial.
Themes
Key Lesson
Believers should recognize that mocking divine messages or hastening punishment reflects spiritual blindness; history shows established patterns where nations rejecting guidance ultimately face consequences. The balance between Allah's mercy toward the repentant and His severe punishment for persistent wrongdoing should inspire both hope and reverential fear (khawf wa raja').
Related Ayahs
وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكَ لَيَبْعَثَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ مَن يَسُومُهُمْ سُوٓءَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ ٱلْعِقَابِ ۖ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
And [mention] when your Lord declared that He would surely [continue to] send upon them until the Day of Resurrection those who would afflict them with the worst torment. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.
قُل رَّبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّى مَا يُوعَدُونَ
Say, [O Muḥammad], "My Lord, if You should show me that which they are promised,
وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِۦ سُلْطَـٰنًا وَمَا لَيْسَ لَهُم بِهِۦ عِلْمٌ ۗ وَمَا لِلظَّـٰلِمِينَ مِن نَّصِيرٍ
And they worship besides Allāh that for which He has not sent down authority and that of which they have no knowledge. And there will not be for the wrongdoers any helper.
فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّـٰصِرِينَ
And as for those who disbelieved, I will punish them with a severe punishment in this world and the Hereafter, and they will have no helpers."