ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّهُۥٓ إِذَا دُعِىَ ٱللَّهُ وَحْدَهُۥ كَفَرْتُمْ ۖ وَإِن يُشْرَكْ بِهِۦ تُؤْمِنُوا۟ ۚ فَٱلْحُكْمُ لِلَّهِ ٱلْعَلِىِّ ٱلْكَبِيرِ 12
Translations
[They will be told], "That is because, when Allāh was called upon alone, you disbelieved; but if others were associated with Him, you believed. So the judgement is with Allāh, the Most High, the Grand."
Transliteration
Dhaalikum bi-annahoo idha du'iya Allahu wahdahu kafartum wa-in yushrak bihi tu'minoo. Fal-hukmu lillahi al-'Aliyyi al-Kabir.
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah addresses the disbelievers' contradiction: when Allah alone is called upon, they reject faith, yet when partners are associated with Him, they believe. Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi note this reveals the irrational stubbornness of the disbelievers—their rejection stems not from reason but from obstinacy and adherence to ancestral practices. The ayah concludes with an affirmation that true judgment belongs only to Allah, the Most High and Greatest, establishing His absolute sovereignty over all matters.
Revelation Context
This ayah is part of Surah Ghafir's broader Meccan context, which addresses the Quraysh's rejection of monotheism. The surah emphasizes the disbelievers' illogical behavior toward divine guidance and their insistence on polytheism despite clear evidence. This specific ayah encapsulates a central theme of Meccan revelation: exposing the contradiction and falsehood in the disbelievers' position.
Related Hadiths
The hadith in Sahih Bukhari (6/141) wherein the Prophet ﷺ said: 'The most complete of the believers in faith are those with the best character,' relates to the theme of sincere belief vs. false acceptance. Additionally, hadith in Sunan Ibn Majah about calling upon Allah alone reflects the ayah's emphasis on exclusive monotheistic invocation.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches believers to examine the consistency of their own faith and to recognize that true belief requires sincerity in worshipping Allah alone, not merely intellectual assent combined with polytheistic practices. It reminds us that Allah's judgment is supreme and that logical consistency in faith matters—we should never compartmentalize our belief or selectively apply monotheism to convenience.
Related Ayahs
أَمْ لَهُمْ ءَالِهَةٌ تَمْنَعُهُم مِّن دُونِنَا ۚ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ نَصْرَ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَلَا هُم مِّنَّا يُصْحَبُونَ
Or do they have gods to defend them other than Us? They are unable [even] to help themselves, nor can they be protected from Us.
إِن تَدْعُوهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا۟ دُعَآءَكُمْ وَلَوْ سَمِعُوا۟ مَا ٱسْتَجَابُوا۟ لَكُمْ ۖ وَيَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ يَكْفُرُونَ بِشِرْكِكُمْ ۚ وَلَا يُنَبِّئُكَ مِثْلُ خَبِيرٍ
If you invoke them, they do not hear your supplication; and if they heard, they would not respond to you. And on the Day of Resurrection they will deny your association. And none can inform you like [one] Aware [of all matters].
لَهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
His is the dominion of the heavens and earth. He gives life and causes death, and He is over all things competent.
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُولِجُ ٱلَّيْلَ فِى ٱلنَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ ٱلنَّهَارَ فِى ٱلَّيْلِ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمْسَ وَٱلْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِىٓ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ
Do you not see [i.e., know] that Allāh causes the night to enter the day and causes the day to enter the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running [its course] for a specified term, and that Allāh, of whatever you do, is Aware?