وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ أَحْسَنُ أَثَـٰثًا وَرِءْيًا 74
Translations
And how many a generation have We destroyed before them who were better in possessions and [outward] appearance?
Transliteration
Wa-kam ahlaknā qablahum min qarni hum ahsan athāthā wa-ri'yā
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah reminds the disbelievers of Makkah that Allah destroyed many nations before them who possessed greater wealth, material abundance (athāth), and better appearance or social standing (ri'yā) than they did. The ayah emphasizes that material prosperity and worldly grandeur provide no protection against Divine punishment when people reject the message of their prophets. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir note this serves as a powerful warning that superiority in worldly affairs does not guarantee salvation or prevent destruction.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the Meccan surah of Maryam, which was revealed during the early period of Prophet Muhammad's mission when the Quraysh were arrogantly rejecting the message. The surah contextually addresses the disbelievers' pride and arrogance, reminding them of past nations' destruction as a cautionary tale. This particular ayah follows discussions of previous prophets and serves to reinforce the inevitability of Divine justice.
Related Hadiths
The theme relates to the hadith in Sahih Muslim where the Prophet ﷺ warned: 'The best of you are those of the best character' (Ahsan ikhlaq), countering the Quranic emphasis that external wealth and appearance matter little. Additionally, the hadith 'How many a generation We have destroyed before them' (related to similar ayahs) appears in various collections addressing the destruction of previous nations.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that material wealth, attractive appearance, and social status are ephemeral and offer no protection against Divine judgment when accompanied by rejection of truth. Believers should not be impressed by the worldly success of disbelievers, as history demonstrates that Allah's punishment ultimately befalls those who persist in rejecting guidance regardless of their temporal prosperity.
Related Ayahs
أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ إِلَّا ٱلنَّارُ ۖ وَحَبِطَ مَا صَنَعُوا۟ فِيهَا وَبَـٰطِلٌ مَّا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ
Those are the ones for whom there is not in the Hereafter but the Fire. And lost is what they did therein, and worthless is what they used to do.
مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَنَاصَرُونَ
[They will be asked], "What is [wrong] with you? Why do you not help each other?"
فَيَأْتِيَهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
And it will come to them suddenly while they perceive [it] not.
وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِى ٱلنِّسَآءِ ۖ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فِى ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ فِى يَتَـٰمَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ ٱلَّـٰتِى لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ وَٱلْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلْوِلْدَٰنِ وَأَن تَقُومُوا۟ لِلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ بِٱلْقِسْطِ ۚ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا۟ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمًا
And they request from you, [O Muḥammad], a [legal] ruling concerning women. Say, "Allāh gives you a ruling about them and [about] what has been recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is decreed for them - and [yet] you desire to marry them - and concerning the oppressed among children and that you maintain for orphans [their rights] in justice." And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allāh is ever Knowing of it.