وَإِمَّا تَخَافَنَّ مِن قَوْمٍ خِيَانَةً فَٱنۢبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَآءٍ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْخَآئِنِينَ 58
Translations
If you [have reason to] fear from a people betrayal, throw [their treaty] back to them, [putting you] on equal terms. Indeed, Allāh does not like traitors.
Transliteration
Wa-immā takhāfanna min qawmin khiyānatan fanbidh ilayhim alā sawā'in. Inna Allāha lā yuḥibbu al-khā'inīn.
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah instructs believers that if they fear treachery or betrayal from a covenant people, they should openly and clearly renounce the treaty with them on equal terms, giving them notice rather than engaging in secret deception. Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi emphasize that Islam prohibits responding to treachery with hidden betrayal; instead, believers must openly declare the treaty's dissolution with clarity and justice. The ayah concludes by affirming that Allah does not love traitors, establishing that honesty and transparency are divine values even in conflict.
Revelation Context
This ayah was revealed in the Medinan period (Surah Al-Anfal, Chapter 8) during the early Islamic state's formation, addressing protocols for treaties and warfare. It comes in the context of Qur'anic guidance on treaties and security agreements between the Muslim community and other groups, emphasizing fair dealing even in situations of suspected betrayal.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever betrays a covenant has removed the protection of Allah from himself' (Sunan Ibn Majah). Additionally, the Prophet (ﷺ) emphasized: 'The best of you are those who are best to their families, and I am the best among you to my family' (Jami' at-Tirmidhi), reflecting the broader Islamic principle of trustworthiness in all dealings.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that believers must handle conflicts with honesty and openness rather than secret deception—if trust is broken, declare it clearly and fairly rather than respond in kind with hidden betrayal. It reminds us that trustworthiness and transparency are not signs of weakness but divine values that elevate our character and earn Allah's favor.
Related Ayahs
۞ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُم مِّن شَىْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُۥ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينِ وَٱبْنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ إِن كُنتُمْ ءَامَنتُم بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَىٰ عَبْدِنَا يَوْمَ ٱلْفُرْقَانِ يَوْمَ ٱلْتَقَى ٱلْجَمْعَانِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allāh is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler, if you have believed in Allāh and in that which We sent down to Our Servant on the day of criterion [i.e., decisive encounter] - the day when the two armies met [at Badr]. And Allāh, over all things, is competent.
وَلَا يَحْسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ سَبَقُوٓا۟ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ لَا يُعْجِزُونَ
And let not those who disbelieve think they will escape. Indeed, they will not cause failure [to Allāh].
لِيُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ وَيُبْطِلَ ٱلْبَـٰطِلَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَ
That He should establish the truth and abolish falsehood, even if the criminals disliked it.
فَإِمَّا تَثْقَفَنَّهُمْ فِى ٱلْحَرْبِ فَشَرِّدْ بِهِم مَّنْ خَلْفَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
So if you, [O Muḥammad], gain dominance over them in war, disperse by [means of] them those behind them that perhaps they will be reminded.