وَإِمَّا تَخَافَنَّ مِن قَوْمٍ خِيَانَةً فَٱنۢبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَآءٍ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْخَآئِنِينَ 58
Translations
If you [have reason to] fear from a people betrayal, throw [their treaty] back to them, [putting you] on equal terms. Indeed, Allāh does not like traitors.
Transliteration
Wa-immā takhāfanna min qawmin khiyānatan fanbidh ilayhim alā sawā'in. Inna Allāha lā yuḥibbu al-khā'inīn.
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah instructs believers that if they fear treachery or betrayal from a covenant people, they should openly and clearly renounce the treaty with them on equal terms, giving them notice rather than engaging in secret deception. Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi emphasize that Islam prohibits responding to treachery with hidden betrayal; instead, believers must openly declare the treaty's dissolution with clarity and justice. The ayah concludes by affirming that Allah does not love traitors, establishing that honesty and transparency are divine values even in conflict.
Revelation Context
This ayah was revealed in the Medinan period (Surah Al-Anfal, Chapter 8) during the early Islamic state's formation, addressing protocols for treaties and warfare. It comes in the context of Qur'anic guidance on treaties and security agreements between the Muslim community and other groups, emphasizing fair dealing even in situations of suspected betrayal.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever betrays a covenant has removed the protection of Allah from himself' (Sunan Ibn Majah). Additionally, the Prophet (ﷺ) emphasized: 'The best of you are those who are best to their families, and I am the best among you to my family' (Jami' at-Tirmidhi), reflecting the broader Islamic principle of trustworthiness in all dealings.
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that believers must handle conflicts with honesty and openness rather than secret deception—if trust is broken, declare it clearly and fairly rather than respond in kind with hidden betrayal. It reminds us that trustworthiness and transparency are not signs of weakness but divine values that elevate our character and earn Allah's favor.
Related Ayahs
قُل لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِن يَنتَهُوا۟ يُغْفَرْ لَهُم مَّا قَدْ سَلَفَ وَإِن يَعُودُوا۟ فَقَدْ مَضَتْ سُنَّتُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ
Say to those who have disbelieved [that] if they cease, what has previously occurred will be forgiven for them. But if they return [to hostility] - then the precedent of the former [rebellious] peoples has already taken place.
وَلَوْ عَلِمَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِمْ خَيْرًا لَّأَسْمَعَهُمْ ۖ وَلَوْ أَسْمَعَهُمْ لَتَوَلَّوا۟ وَّهُم مُّعْرِضُونَ
Had Allāh known any good in them, He would have made them hear. And if He had made them hear, they would [still] have turned away, while they were refusing.
مَا كَانَ لِنَبِىٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥٓ أَسْرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثْخِنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةَ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allāh's enemies] in the land. You [i.e., some Muslims] desire the commodities of this world, but Allāh desires [for you] the Hereafter. And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
فَكُلُوا۟ مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَـٰلًا طَيِّبًا ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
So consume what you have taken of war booty [as being] lawful and good, and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.