وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ إِحْدَى ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَـٰتِهِۦ وَيَقْطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ 7
Translations
[Remember, O believers], when Allāh promised you one of the two groups - that it would be yours - and you wished that the unarmed one would be yours. But Allāh intended to establish the truth by His words and to eliminate the disbelievers
Transliteration
Wa-idh ya'idukumu-llahu ihda-t-ta'ifatayn annaha lakum wa-tawadduna anna ghayra dhati-sh-shawkati takunu lakum wa-yureedu-llahu an yuhiqqa-l-haqqa bi-kalimatihi wa-yaqta'a dabira-l-kafireen
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah refers to Allah's promise to the Muslims at Badr regarding the two groups—either the merchant caravan (unarmed) or the Quraysh army (armed). The believers preferred gaining the caravan without fighting, but Allah desired to establish truth through warfare and eliminate the disbelievers. Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari explain that Allah's wisdom superseded the Muslims' preference, as the decisive victory at Badr was necessary to establish Islam's authority and break the power of Meccan opposition.
Revelation Context
This ayah was revealed in the context of the Battle of Badr (2 AH), the first major military encounter between Muslims and Quraysh. The believers had set out to intercept a caravan but instead encountered the Quraysh army. This verse addresses the Muslims' initial hesitation and preference for the easier path, teaching them that Allah's divine plan transcends human preference and serves greater purposes.
Related Hadiths
The Battle of Badr is extensively documented in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. In Jami' at-Tirmidhi, there are narrations about the companions' discussions before Badr and how Allah granted them victory despite their numerical disadvantage (313 Muslims vs. approximately 1000 Quraysh).
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches believers that while they may prefer easier paths, Allah's wisdom often directs them toward greater trials that ultimately strengthen faith and establish justice. It reminds us to trust in Allah's plan even when it diverges from our preferences, as His decree serves purposes beyond our immediate understanding.
Related Ayahs
لِيُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ وَيُبْطِلَ ٱلْبَـٰطِلَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَ
That He should establish the truth and abolish falsehood, even if the criminals disliked it.
إِذْ يُرِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِى مَنَامِكَ قَلِيلًا ۖ وَلَوْ أَرَىٰكَهُمْ كَثِيرًا لَّفَشِلْتُمْ وَلَتَنَـٰزَعْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَمْرِ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَلَّمَ ۗ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ
[Remember, O Muḥammad], when Allāh showed them to you in your dream as few; and if He had shown them to you as many, you [believers] would have lost courage and would have disputed in the matter [of whether to fight], but Allāh saved [you from that]. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.
يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَنفَالِ ۖ قُلِ ٱلْأَنفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ ۖ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا۟ ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ ۖ وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say, "The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allāh and the Messenger." So fear Allāh and amend that which is between you and obey Allāh and His Messenger, if you should be believers.
لِيَمِيزَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِ وَيَجْعَلَ ٱلْخَبِيثَ بَعْضَهُۥ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فَيَرْكُمَهُۥ جَمِيعًا فَيَجْعَلَهُۥ فِى جَهَنَّمَ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَـٰسِرُونَ
[It is] so that Allāh may distinguish the wicked from the good and place the wicked some of them upon others and heap them all together and put them into Hell. It is those who are the losers.