إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَآدُّونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ فِى ٱلْأَذَلِّينَ 20
Translations
Indeed, the ones who oppose Allāh and His Messenger - those will be among the most humbled.
Transliteration
Inna alladhina yuhaddduna Allaha wa rasulahu ula'ika fi al-adhallina
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah declares that those who oppose and wage war against Allah and His Messenger are among the most humiliated and disgraced, both in this world and the Hereafter. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari emphasize that 'muhadda' (opposition) encompasses both open hostility and subtle rebellion against Allah's commands and the guidance of His Messenger. The promise of humiliation (adhill) is an inevitable consequence of such opposition, as Allah's honor and the honor of His Messenger are supreme, and none can truly overcome them.
Revelation Context
This surah was revealed in Medina during the period of increasing hostility from the hypocrites and the Jews of Medina who openly opposed the Prophet Muhammad and his mission. The broader context of Surah Al-Mujadila addresses various disputes and contentious behaviors in the Muslim community, establishing principles of proper conduct and consequences for those who reject divine guidance.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'Whoever opposes me is opposed by Allah, and whoever opposes Allah will be destroyed' (Musnad Ahmad). Additionally, the Quran in Surah Al-Fath (48:13) states a similar theme: 'And whoever believes not in Allah and His Messenger, then surely We have prepared for the disbelievers a blazing fire' (Sahih Bukhari and Muslim in their tafsir references).
Themes
Key Lesson
This ayah teaches that opposing Allah and His Messenger is ultimately futile and brings inevitable disgrace and humiliation, encouraging believers to align themselves with divine guidance rather than resist it. For modern readers, it serves as a reminder that defiance of truth and righteousness carries inherent consequences, while submission to Allah's will leads to honor and dignity.
Related Ayahs
يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ جَمِيعًا فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُوٓا۟ ۚ أَحْصَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ وَنَسُوهُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ
On the Day when Allāh will resurrect them all and inform them of what they did. Allāh had enumerated it, while they forgot it; and Allāh is, over all things, Witness.
ٱلَّذِينَ يُظَـٰهِرُونَ مِنكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِهِم مَّا هُنَّ أُمَّهَـٰتِهِمْ ۖ إِنْ أُمَّهَـٰتُهُمْ إِلَّا ٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى وَلَدْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنكَرًا مِّنَ ٱلْقَوْلِ وَزُورًا ۚ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ
Those who pronounce ẓihār among you [to separate] from their wives - they are not [consequently] their mothers. Their mothers are none but those who gave birth to them. And indeed, they are saying an objectionable statement and a falsehood. But indeed, Allāh is Pardoning and Forgiving.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَآدُّونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ كُبِتُوا۟ كَمَا كُبِتَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ وَقَدْ أَنزَلْنَآ ءَايَـٰتٍۭ بَيِّنَـٰتٍ ۚ وَلِلْكَـٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ
Indeed, those who oppose Allāh and His Messenger are abased as those before them were abased. And We have certainly sent down verses of clear evidence. And for the disbelievers is a humiliating punishment
لَّا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ يُوَآدُّونَ مَنْ حَآدَّ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَلَوْ كَانُوٓا۟ ءَابَآءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَآءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَٰنَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ كَتَبَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلْإِيمَـٰنَ وَأَيَّدَهُم بِرُوحٍ مِّنْهُ ۖ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ رَضِىَ ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا۟ عَنْهُ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ حِزْبُ ٱللَّهِ ۚ أَلَآ إِنَّ حِزْبَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ
You will not find a people who believe in Allāh and the Last Day having affection for those who oppose Allāh and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred. Those - He has decreed within their hearts faith and supported them with spirit from Him. And We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide eternally. Allāh is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him - those are the party of Allāh. Unquestionably, the party of Allāh - they are the successful.