أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ شُفَعَآءَ ۚ قُلْ أَوَلَوْ كَانُوا۟ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ شَيْـًٔا وَلَا يَعْقِلُونَ 43
Translations
Or have they taken other than Allāh as intercessors? Say, "Even though they do not possess [power over] anything, nor do they reason?"
Transliteration
Am ittakhazu min duni-Allah shufaʿāʾ, qul aw law kānū lā yamlikūna shayʾan wa lā yaʿqilūn
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah refutes the polytheistic practice of taking intercessors besides Allah, asking rhetorically whether these supposed mediators possess any power or understanding. Classical scholars like Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi emphasize that this directly challenges the Meccan idolaters' belief that their idols could intercede with Allah on their behalf. The ayah establishes that intercessors must themselves possess knowledge and authority, which only Allah possesses absolutely.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in the Meccan surah Az-Zumar during the early Islamic period when the Quraysh were actively practicing idol worship and intercession through their gods. The broader context of this surah addresses the monotheistic creed and refutes various forms of shirk (polytheism), with this particular verse confronting the specific misconception that intermediaries hold independent power or influence with Allah.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'The intercession is for me, and I have kept it for my ummah for the Day of Judgment' (Tirmidhi). This hadith clarifies that while the Prophet's intercession on the Day of Judgment is real, it is contingent upon Allah's permission and not an independent power—aligning with the ayah's point that only Allah truly holds authority.
Themes
Key Lesson
Muslims should recognize that their relationship with Allah is direct and personal, and that no intermediary—whether idol, saint, or other being—can independently grant benefit or intercede without Allah's permission. This teaches reliance upon Allah alone and the weakness of any supposed mediator who lacks knowledge, power, or understanding.
Related Ayahs
وَسِيقَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ زُمَرًا ۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءُوهَا فُتِحَتْ أَبْوَٰبُهَا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَآ أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ رُسُلٌ مِّنكُمْ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ ءَايَـٰتِ رَبِّكُمْ وَيُنذِرُونَكُمْ لِقَآءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَـٰذَا ۚ قَالُوا۟ بَلَىٰ وَلَـٰكِنْ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَةُ ٱلْعَذَابِ عَلَى ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ
And those who disbelieved will be driven to Hell in groups until, when they reach it, its gates are opened and its keepers will say, "Did there not come to you messengers from yourselves, reciting to you the verses of your Lord and warning you of the meeting of this Day of yours?" They will say, "Yes, but the word [i.e., decree] of punishment has come into effect upon the disbelievers."
فَأَصَابَهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ مِنْ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ سَيُصِيبُهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ وَمَا هُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ
And the evil consequences of what they earned struck them. And those who have wronged of these [people] will be struck [i.e., afflicted] by the evil consequences of what they earned; and they will not cause failure.
قُلِ ٱللَّهُمَّ فَاطِرَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ عَـٰلِمَ ٱلْغَيْبِ وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ أَنتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِكَ فِى مَا كَانُوا۟ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
Say, "O Allāh, Creator of the heavens and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, You will judge between your servants concerning that over which they used to differ."
قُرْءَانًا عَرَبِيًّا غَيْرَ ذِى عِوَجٍ لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ
[It is] an Arabic Qur’ān, without any deviance that they might become righteous.