فَلَا تَضْرِبُوا۟ لِلَّهِ ٱلْأَمْثَالَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ 74
Translations
So do not assert similarities to Allāh. Indeed, Allāh knows and you do not know.
Transliteration
Falā taḍribū lillāhi al-amthāl. Inna Allāha yaʿlamu wa antum lā taʿlamūn.
Tafsir (Explanation)
This ayah prohibits Muslims from making likenesses or comparisons (amthāl) for Allah, as such comparisons diminish His transcendent nature and incomparability. According to Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari, this addresses the pagan practice of comparing Allah to idols and created things, while emphasizing that Allah's knowledge is absolute and unlimited, whereas human knowledge is finite and deficient. Al-Qurtubi notes this serves as a foundational principle against anthropomorphism and false theological reasoning about the Divine.
Revelation Context
This ayah appears in Surah An-Nahl, a Meccan surah addressing idolatry and polytheistic practices of pre-Islamic Arabia. The broader context (16:73-75) discusses how pagans attribute partners to Allah and make false comparisons between Allah and His creation, particularly regarding idols. This ayah directly refutes such theological errors by affirming Allah's unique attributes and superiority over all creation.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam) said: 'Nothing is like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing' (Surah Ash-Shura 42:11), which echoes this principle of Allah's incomparability. Additionally, in Sahih Muslim, the Prophet warned against discussing the nature of Allah in ways that lead to confusion and false comparisons.
Themes
Key Lesson
Believers should refrain from making inadequate comparisons or descriptions of Allah based on limited human understanding, recognizing that our knowledge is incomplete while Allah's is infinite. This teaches intellectual humility and the importance of receiving guidance from revelation rather than relying solely on reason when approaching theological matters.
Related Ayahs
وَإِن تَعُدُّوا۟ نِعْمَةَ ٱللَّهِ لَا تُحْصُوهَآ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
And if you should count the favors of Allāh, you could not enumerate them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ ٱلْبَنَـٰتِ سُبْحَـٰنَهُۥ ۙ وَلَهُم مَّا يَشْتَهُونَ
And they attribute to Allāh daughters - exalted is He - and for them is what they desire [i.e., sons].
وَٱلْخَيْلَ وَٱلْبِغَالَ وَٱلْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً ۚ وَيَخْلُقُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
And [He created] the horses, mules and donkeys for you to ride and [as] adornment. And He creates that which you do not know.
وَٱللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ ثُمَّ يَتَوَفَّىٰكُمْ ۚ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰٓ أَرْذَلِ ٱلْعُمُرِ لِكَىْ لَا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْـًٔا ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ قَدِيرٌ
And Allāh created you; then He will take you in death. And among you is he who is reversed to the most decrepit [old] age so that he will not know, after [having had] knowledge, a thing. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing and Competent.